In marine transportation, the chief engineer is a licensed mariner in charge of the engineering department on a merchant vessel. "Chief engineer" is the official title of someone qualified to oversee the entire engine department; the qualification is colloquially called a "chief's ticket".

Overview

A chief engineer (commonly referred to as "The Chief" or just "Chief") is responsible for all operations and maintenance that has to do with any and all engineering equipment throughout the entire ship.

The chief engineer also determines the fuel, lube oil, and other consumables required for a voyage, required inventory for spare parts, oversees fuel, lube, and slop oil transfers, prepares the engine room for inspection by local marine/safety authorities (e.g. U.S. Coast Guard), oversees all major maintenance, is required to be in the engine room during maneuvering operations, and is in charge of the engine room during emergency situations. This is the short list of a chief engineer's duties aboard a merchant vessel.

The chief's primary assistant, the first assistant engineer/second engineer, supervises the daily operation of the engine room and engine department and reports directly to the chief.

Chief engineer's licenses are divided into different types for the various types of engine- and power-plant found on ships. These are commonly divided as steam (reciprocating) (now almost obsolete), steam (turbine), Diesel, diesel-electric, gas Turbine etc. These categories are often further divided into various horsepower ranges. Obtaining a Chief Engineer's License for Unlimited Horsepower is, by far, the highest achievement a licensed engineering officer can reach on a merchant vessel. Sailing as chief engineer is an immense undertaking of great responsibility.

See also

Seafarer's professions and ranks

Engine room

Engineering department

References

Category:Nautical terms Category:Marine occupations Category:Transport occupations

de:Leitender Ingenieur fr:Chef mécanicien nl:Hoofdwerktuigkundige no:Maskinsjef pl:Starszy mechanik pt:Chefe de máquinas sv:Teknisk chef

Coordinates	29°25′″N98°30′″N
Title	Charles "Trip" Tucker
Species	Human
Death	October 10, 2161
Gender	Male
Planet	Earth (Florida)
Affiliation	Starfleet
Posting	Chief engineer, ''Enterprise'', later ''Columbia''
Rank	Commander
Insignia
Sibling(s)	Elizabeth
Portrayer	Connor Trinneer }}

Charles "Trip" Tucker III (short for “Triple”, since he is the third generation of his family to be named Charles Tucker), played by Connor Trinneer, is a fictional character in the television series ''Star Trek: Enterprise''.

Tucker was the chief engineer on the ''Enterprise'', and also briefly served as chief engineer aboard the ''Columbia''.

Biography

Tucker first met Jonathan Archer about a decade prior to the launch of ''Enterprise'' when the two worked together on an early warp 2 prototype vessel using the warp engine designed by Archer's father, Henry Archer.

While a knowledgeable engineer, Tucker can be rash and “illogical”, a fact that early on causes friction between him and ''Enterprise''’s Vulcan science officer, T'Pol. During the first year of ''Enterprise'''s mission, he finds himself coping with situations no Starfleet engineer has ever coped with, and is a key player in the vessel finally achieving its then-record breaking speed of warp 5. Tucker also has to contend with a more dubious honor when he becomes the first human male to become pregnant.

Tucker also enjoys occasional romantic relationships, including one with an exotic alien princess in the episode "Precious Cargo." When challenged about these relationships, his stock phrase is, "I was a perfect gentleman."

The destruction of his home town and the death of his sister Elizabeth in the Xindi attack on Earth left Tucker emotionally scarred and unable to sleep without experiencing vivid nightmares. At the request of Dr. Phlox, Tucker agreed to undergo Vulcan neuro-pressure treatments with T'Pol. Although the treatments required very intimate contact between the two, there were no signs at first of anything beyond a professional relationship developing between the officers.

At a crucial point during the Xindi mission, Tucker suffered a potentially fatal injury, and the only way to save his life was to create a clone in order to harvest needed brain cells. The clone, named "Sim", grew to adulthood over only a few days, and many of the crew became fond of him, in particular T'Pol, who actually kissed Sim after he confessed to being attracted to T'Pol — but adding that he was uncertain whether those feelings were his own or Tucker's. Against Sim's objections, Archer ordered him to undergo the medical procedure to extract the needed cells in order to save Tucker's life, even though this proved fatal to Sim.

As the Xindi mission progressed, Tucker found himself growing closer to T'Pol, and the two briefly became lovers, an event T'Pol later dismissed as an experiment, though the real cause was a side-effect of her addiction to the substance Trellium D, which affected her emotional judgment. Later, however, the two found themselves continuing a somewhat clandestine relationship.

Tucker realized he was in love with T'Pol during a trip to Vulcan with her after the Xindi mission, during which she decided to marry a Vulcan named Koss in an arranged marriage. Although T'Pol's mother encouraged Tucker to express his feelings to her daughter, he chose not to do so. Later, following T'Pol's annulment of her marriage, Tucker considered becoming involved with her again; however, T'Pol told him that she was not interested in reviving their relationship. In the episode "Observer Effect", T'Pol expressed great concern for Tucker, suggesting her feelings for him remained strong, despite her claims to the contrary.

In 2154, during a mission to prevent a Romulan automated marauder from starting a war, Tucker determined that his attraction to T'Pol was negatively affecting his ability to do his job. After the mission, he requested, and received, a transfer to the new warp 5 starship, ''Columbia'', under the command of Captain Erika Hernandez. Within two days of Tucker's assignment to the vessel, several of ''Columbia'''s engineering crew request transfers. During this period, Tucker began experiencing vivid daydreams involving T'Pol, not realizing that she was actually unintentionally communicating with him via a newly discovered mental ability that was unlocked when she began performing mind melds. In the episode "Bound", it was revealed that Tucker and T'Pol had somehow psychically bonded when they had made love a year earlier, although this link apparently didn't manifest itself right away.

During the events of the episode "Divergence", Tucker was temporarily reassigned to ''Enterprise'' in order to facilitate repairs following a run-in with the Klingons. He subsequently submitted a request to return to ''Enterprise'' full-time, a request that was presumably granted. Not long after, Tucker and T'Pol reestablished their relationship.

Tucker served as ''Enterprise'''s chief engineer for a full decade, and prepared to transfer to one of the newly-built warp 7-capable starships following the decommissioning of ''Enterprise'' in 2161, which was to coincide with the signing of the Federation Charter. The series finale "These Are the Voyages..." revealed that Tucker and T'Pol ended their romantic relationship at some point after the events of "Terra Prime", for reasons as yet unrevealed. Despite this, the two remained close, and Tucker had to reassure T'Pol that the decommissioning of ''Enterprise'' and their reassignment to different vessels would not have any bearing on their friendship.

In the last episode, when Shran's former associates track down Enterprise and board the ship, they demand that Archer take them to Shran, but the captain refuses. The aliens are about to kill Archer, so Trip, thinking fast, tells them that he will take them to Shran. When Archer protests, the aliens knock him out. Trip leads the aliens into what appears to be a harmless utility closet — he tells them it's simply a com station and he's going to get Shran to come to them. Trip tells them he just needs to connect a couple of things, but when he brings a pair of conduits together, a massive explosion erupts, taking out both Trip and the aliens. Trip is critically wounded; with Phlox's best efforts, he lives. In a July 2005 interview, Berman revealed that had the series been renewed, Trip and Tpol would be back together.

Personal life

In 2153, Tucker lost his sister, Elizabeth, in the Xindi attack on Earth which destroyed his hometown of Panama City, Florida, (However, on screen the attack is shown to be nowhere near Panama City). In a first season episode, "Fusion", he revealed he had a brother whom he practiced "dancing with", although we never saw him. His parents survived the attack and later relocated to Mississippi; they were invited to attend the signing of the UFP treaty in 2161, and kept their promise to attend even after Tucker's death. T'Pol requested the opportunity to meet them at this occasion, but it's not known if she did. Little is known of Trip's parents except that Archer described them as being "eccentric."

At least three offspring have — directly or indirectly — been linked to Tucker:

In 2151, Tucker was accidentally impregnated by a Xyrillian female, but had the unborn fetus transplanted into another Xyrillian before it was born. The offspring was not genetically related to Tucker as Xyrillian reproduction only uses the mother's genes. No further information about this offspring has been revealed. ("Unexpected")

In an alternate timeline in the episode "E²", at some point following an incident that sent ''Enterprise'' back to the year 2037, Tucker and T'Pol marry and have a son, Lorian, whose fate after the restoration of the timeline has yet to be revealed.

In 2155, in the episode "Demons", Tucker learns that he has a six-month-old daughter, the mother apparently being T'Pol. It was revealed that the daughter was cloned using Tucker and T'Pol's DNA, which was stolen from ''Enterprise'' by an infiltrator working for Terra Prime. The cloning procedure was improperly executed, however, and the daughter — whom T'Pol named "Elizabeth" after Tucker's sister — died soon after being rescued. The child's death left Tucker emotionally devastated as T'Pol — herself emotionally drained — tried to comfort him.

Trip is knowledgeable about the ancient board game Go, and actually has a Go board in his cabin (he is seen playing the game with the title character of the episode "Cogenitor")

Alternate timelines

In the alternate timeline seen in the episode "Twilight", Tucker becomes captain of ''Enterprise'' following the incapacitation of Jonathan Archer and T'Pol's resignation from Starfleet. He is killed when ''Enterprise'''s bridge is destroyed shortly before Archer resets the timeline.

As stated above, the episode "E²" takes place in another altered timeline, except for the fact that Lorian is the son of T'Pol and Tucker. Little else is revealed of the alternate Trip except that he is long deceased (the cause apparently was a tragic one, but not specified in the episode) by the time Lorian's version of ''Enterprise'' rendezvous with its namesake.

Mirror Universe

In the Mirror Universe, Tucker is the chief engineer of the ISS ''Enterprise'', but is badly disfigured due to exposure from heavy delta ray radiation emanating from his ''Enterprise'''s engines. This version of Tucker has an ongoing sexual relationship with the Mirror T'Pol, who once exploited this relationship in her attempt to sabotage ''Enterprise''; she used a mind meld to implant a post-hypnotic suggestion in Tucker's mind. It is implied this isn't the first time she has used him in this way. Tucker is subsequently tortured in the agony booth, but vehemently denies any wrongdoing, insisting that he has always been loyal to the Empire and Archer. In the end Archer tells Reed to break Tucker before releasing him from the booth, much to Tucker's horror. He later confronts T'Pol in main engineering and tells her he spent four hours in the booth. This version of Tucker, along with much of the ISS ''Enterprise'' crew, travels to the USS ''Defiant'' - which had been discovered in the Mirror Universe - and tries to get the ship working to further the Mirror Jonathan Archer's attempt to take over the Terran Empire. Tucker successfully foils a plot by the mirror Phlox to sabotage key systems aboard ''Defiant''.

Novels

In the framing story of the ''Enterprise'' novel, ''Last Full Measure'', officially released in May 2006 but available for purchase in April, it is revealed that Tucker did not actually die in "These Are the Voyages...", but survived and lived to be over 120 years of age (Tucker meets the young James T. Kirk and his family). The details of this plot point were revealed in the novel ''The Good That Men Do'' (written, as was ''Last Full Measure'', by Andy Mangels and Michael A. Martin).

In ''The Good That Men Do'', Tucker becomes impatient to do something about the coming Romulan threat to Earth, even though Starfleet has ordered ''Enterprise'' to return home to bolster the upcoming formation of the Coalition of Planets (a precursor to the United Federation of Planets).

Tucker's crewmate, Malcolm Reed, puts him in touch with Harris, Reed's contact within Section 31. Tucker agrees to an undercover mission into Romulan territory to find and neutralize the Romulans' new warp 7 engine, which is faster than any other warp drive in existence and would undoubtedly endanger the whole quadrant. He is successful, but in the process he learns that Vulcans and Romulans were once one species. Tucker reluctantly agrees to remain officially "dead", lest this secret become public and thereby endanger the newly formed Coalition. Also, the novel suggests that Tucker's extended lifespan is partly due to the genetic engineering he receives in order to pass as a Romulan.

The novel is, of course, not canonical.

See also

List of ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' characters

References

External links

STARTREK.COM: Charles "Trip" Tucker

Category:Star Trek: Enterprise characters Category:Fictional characters from Florida Category:Fictional commanders Category:Fictional engineers Category:Starfleet officers Category:Starfleet commanders Category:Starfleet engineers

ca:Charles Tucker III cs:Charles Tucker es:Charles Tucker III fr:Charles Tucker III it:Trip Tucker hu:Charles Tucker III nl:Charles Tucker III (Star Trek) ja:チャールズ・タッカー三世 pl:Charles Tucker pt:Charles Tucker III ru:Чарльз Такер III sv:Charles "Trip" Tucker III

Coordinates	29°25′″N98°30′″N
name	William Shatner
birth date	March 22, 1931
birth place	Montreal, Quebec, Canada
birth name	William Alan Shatner
othername	Bill Shatner
spouse	Gloria Rand (1956–1969) Marcy Lafferty Shatner (1973–1994) Nerine Kidd-Shatner (1997–1999; her death) Elizabeth Martin (2001–present)
occupation	Actor, musician, novelist, spokesman
yearsactive	1950–present
website	williamshatner.com }}

William Alan Shatner (born March 22, 1931) is a Canadian actor, musician, recording artist, and author. He gained worldwide fame and became a cultural icon for his portrayal of James T. Kirk, captain of the USS ''Enterprise'', in the science fiction television series ''Star Trek'' from 1966 to 1969, ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'' from 1973 to 1974, and in seven of the subsequent ''Star Trek'' feature films from 1979 to 1994. He has written a series of books chronicling his experiences playing Captain Kirk and being a part of ''Star Trek'' and has co-written several novels set in the ''Star Trek'' universe. He has also authored a series of science fiction novels called ''TekWar'' that were adapted for television.

Shatner also played the eponymous veteran police sergeant in ''T. J. Hooker'' from 1982 to 1986. He has since worked as a musician, author, producer, director, and celebrity pitchman. From 2004 to 2008, he starred as attorney Denny Crane in the television dramas ''The Practice'' and its spin-off ''Boston Legal'', for which he won two Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe Award.

Early life and education

Shatner was born in Côte Saint-Luc, a neighbourhood in Montreal, Quebec, the son of Anne (née Garmaise) and Joseph Shatner, a clothing manufacturer. He has two sisters, Joy and Farla. His paternal grandfather, Wolf Schattner, anglicized the family name to "Shatner". Shatner's grandparents were Jewish immigrants from Austria, Poland, Hungary, and Ukraine, and Shatner was raised in Conservative Judaism. He attended Willingdon Elementary School, in Notre-Dame-de-Grâce (NDG-Montreal) and Baron Byng High School, in Montreal, as well as West Hill High School in NDG. He is an alumnus of the Montreal Children's Theatre. He also attended McGill University in Montreal, where he studied economics and graduated with a Bachelor of commerce degree. In June 2011, McGill awarded him with an honorary doctorate of letters. The Students' Society of McGill University building on McTavish Street is popularly (though not officially) named "Shatner".

Acting career

Early stage, film, and television work

Trained as a classical Shakespearean actor, Shatner performed at the Shakespearean Stratford Festival of Canada in Stratford, Ontario. He played a range of roles at the Stratford Festival in productions that included a minor role in the opening scene of a renowned and nationally televised production of Sophocles' ''Oedipus Rex'' directed by Tyrone Guthrie, Shakespeare's ''Henry V'', and Marlowe's ''Tamburlaine the Great''. Shatner made his Broadway debut in the latter, in 1956. In 1954, he was cast as Ranger Bob on ''The Canadian Howdy Doody Show''. Shatner was understudy to Christopher Plummer; the two would later star as adversaries in ''Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country''.

Though his official movie debut was in the 1951 Canadian film entitled ''The Butler's Night Off'', Shatner's first feature role came in the 1958 MGM film ''The Brothers Karamazov'' with Yul Brynner, in which he starred as the youngest of the Karamazov brothers, Alexei. In December of the same year, he appeared opposite Ralph Bellamy playing Roman tax collectors in Bethlehem on the day of Jesus' birth in a vignette of a Hallmark Hall of Fame live television production entitled ''The Christmas Tree'' directed by Kirk Browning, which featured in other vignettes such stars as Jessica Tandy, Margaret Hamilton, Bernadette Peters, Richard Thomas, Cyril Ritchard and Carol Channing. Shatner had a leading role in an ''Alfred Hitchcock Presents'' third-season (1957–1958) episode titled "The Glass Eye", one of his first appearances on American television. In 1959, he received decent reviews when he took on the role of Lomax in the Broadway production of ''The World of Suzie Wong''. In 1960, he appeared twice as Wayne Gorham in NBC's ''The Outlaws'' Western series with Barton MacLane, and then in another ''Alfred Hitchcock Presents'' fifth-season episode titled "Mother, may I go out to swim?". In 1961, he starred in the Broadway play ''A Shot in the Dark'' with Julie Harris and directed by Harold Clurman. Walter Matthau (who won a Tony Award for his performance) and Gene Saks were also featured in this play. Shatner also starred in two episodes of the NBC television series ''Thriller'', "Grim Reaper" and "The Hungry Glass".

Guthrie had called the young Shatner the Stratford Festival's most promising actor, and he was seen as a peer to contemporaries like Steve McQueen, Paul Newman, and Robert Redford. Shatner was not as successful as the others, however, and during the 1960s he "became a working actor who showed up on time, knew his lines, worked cheap and always answered his phone." His motto was "Work equals work", but Shatner's willingness to take any role, no matter how "forgettable", likely hurt his career. In 1962, he starred in Roger Corman's movie ''The Intruder''. He also appeared in the Stanley Kramer film ''Judgment at Nuremberg'' and two episodes, "Nick of Time" and "Nightmare at 20,000 Feet", of the science fiction anthology series ''The Twilight Zone''. In the 1963–1964 season, he appeared in episodes of two ABC series, ''Channing'' and ''The Outer Limits'' ("Cold Hands, Warm Heart"). In 1963, he starred in the ''Family Theater'' production called "The Soldier" and received credits in other programs of ''The Psalms'' series. That same year he guest starred in ''Route 66'', in the episode, "Build Your Houses with Their Backs to the Sea". In 1964, he guest starred in the episode "He Stuck in His Thumb" of the CBS drama ''The Reporter''.

In 1965 Shatner guest-starred as Major Curt Brown in second season episode 9, "I Am The Enemy" of ''12 O-Clock High''. He guest-starred in ''The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' in an episode that also featured Leonard Nimoy, with whom Shatner would soon be paired in ''Star Trek''. He also starred in the critically acclaimed drama ''For the People'' in 1965 as an assistant district attorney, costarring with Jessica Walter. The program lasted for only thirteen episodes. Shatner starred in the 1966 gothic horror film ''Incubus'', the second feature-length movie ever made with all dialogue spoken in Esperanto. He also starred in an episode of ''Gunsmoke'' in 1966 as the character Fred Bateman.

''Star Trek'', the TV series

Shatner was first cast as Captain James T. Kirk for the second pilot of ''Star Trek'', entitled "Where No Man Has Gone Before". He was then contracted to play Kirk for the ''Star Trek'' series and held the role from 1966 to 1969. In 1973, he returned to the role of Captain Kirk, albeit only in voice, in the animated ''Star Trek'' series.

In his role as Kirk, Shatner famously kissed African American actress Nichelle Nichols (Lt. Uhura) in the November 22, 1968, ''Star Trek'' episode "Plato's Stepchildren". The episode is popularly cited as the first example of an inter-racial kiss on scripted television in the United States.

1970s

Shatner's wife Gloria Rand divorced him in March 1969. After ''Star Trek'' was cancelled that year, Shatner experienced difficulty in finding work in the early 1970s. With very little money and few acting prospects, he lived in a truck bed camper in the San Fernando Valley until small roles turned into higher-paying jobs. Shatner refers to this part of his life as "that period," a humbling one during which he would take any odd job, including small party appearances, to support his family.

Shatner again appeared in "schlock" films, such as the horror film ''The Devil's Rain'' and Corman's ''Big Bad Mama''. Shatner received good reviews as the lead prosecutor in a 1971 PBS adaptation of Saul Levitt's play ''The Andersonville Trial''. Other television appearances included a starring role in the western-themed secret agent series ''Barbary Coast'' during 1975 and 1976, and guest roles on many 1970s series such as ''The Six Million Dollar Man'', ''Columbo'', ''The Rookies'', ''Kung Fu'', and ''Mission: Impossible''. He also played Dr. Stephen Turner in the teleplay, ''The Tenth Level''. Inspired by the Stanley Milgram obedience research, this TV movie chronicles a psychology professor's study to determine why people, such as the Nazis, were willing to "just follow orders" and do horrible things to others.

Shatner was an occasional celebrity guest on ''The $20,000 Pyramid'' in the 1970s, once appearing opposite Nimoy in a matchup billed as "Kirk vs. Spock". His appearances became far less frequent after a 1977 appearance in which, after giving an illegal clue ("the ''blessed''" for ''Things That Are Blessed'') at the top of the pyramid ($200) which deprived the contestant of a big money win, he threw his chair out of the Winner's Circle. Other shows included ''The Hollywood Squares'', ''Celebrity Bowling'',, ''Beat the Clock'', and ''Match Game''.

Shatner did a number of television commercials for Ontario-based Loblaws and British Columbia-based SuperValu supermarket chains in the 1970s, and finished the Loblaws ad spots by saying, "At Loblaws, more than the price is right. But, by Gosh, the price is right."

Shatner also did a number of television commercials for General Motors, endorsing the Oldsmobile brand, and Promise margarine.

A return to Kirk, and to work

After its cancellation, ''Star Trek'' unexpectedly gained a cult following during the 1970s from syndicated reruns, and Captain Kirk became a cultural icon. Shatner began appearing at ''Star Trek'' conventions organized by Trekkies. In the mid-1970s Paramount began pre-production for a revised ''Star Trek'' television series, tentatively titled ''Star Trek: Phase II''. However, the phenomenal success of ''Star Wars'' led the studio to instead consider developing a ''Star Trek'' motion picture. Shatner and the other original ''Star Trek'' cast members returned to their roles when Paramount produced ''Star Trek: The Motion Picture'', released in 1979. It re-established Shatner as an actor, and he played Kirk in the next six ''Star Trek'' films, ending with the character's death in 1994's ''Star Trek Generations''. His final appearances in the role are in the movie sequences of the video game ''Starfleet Academy'' (1997), and briefly for a DirecTV advertisement using footage from ''Star Trek VI'' running from late summer 2006.

Although Trekkies had resurrected ''Star Trek'' after cancellation, in a 1986 ''Saturday Night Live'' skit about a ''Star Trek'' convention, Shatner advised a room full of fans to "Get a life". The "much-discussed sketch" accurately portrayed his feelings about Trekkies, which the actor had previously discussed in interviews. Shatner had been the unwilling subject of adoration by them for decades; as early as April 1968, a group attempted to rip his clothes off as the actor left 30 Rockefeller Plaza, and he did not attend conventions for more than a decade during the 1970s and 1980s. Shatner also appeared in the film ''Free Enterprise'' in 1998, in which he played himself and tried to dispel the Kirk image of himself from the view of the film's two lead characters. He also has found an outlet in spoofing the cavalier, almost superhuman character persona of Captain Kirk, in films such as ''Airplane II: The Sequel'' (1982) and ''National Lampoon's Loaded Weapon'' (1993).

Tim Allen's role in ''Galaxy Quest'' as Captain Peter Quincy Taggart/Jason Nesmith is an analogue of James T. Kirk/William Shatner as seen by the public at large. Taggart has a reputation for taking off his shirt at the flimsiest excuse, rolling on the ground during combat, and making pithy speeches, while Nesmith is an egomaniac who regards himself as the core of ''Galaxy Quest'' and tells fans to "get a life". Poking fun at himself, Shatner professed to have no idea whom Allen was parodying.

Besides the ''Star Trek'' films, Shatner gained a new starring role on television as a police officer in ''T. J. Hooker'', which ran from 1982 to 1986. He then hosted the popular dramatic reenactment series ''Rescue 911'' from 1989 to 1996. During the 1980s Shatner also began directing film and television, directing numerous episodes of ''T. J. Hooker'' and the feature film ''Star Trek V: The Final Frontier''.

Subsequent acting career

Shatner has appeared in advertisements for many companies and products, and in recent years he has done a series of commercials for the travel web site Priceline, in which Shatner plays a pompous, fictionalized version of himself. Although he received stock options for the commercials, reports that they are now worth hundreds of millions of dollars are exaggerated. Shatner was also the CEO of the Toronto, Ontario-based C.O.R.E. Digital Pictures, a special effects studio that operated from 1994 to 2010.

Shatner has enjoyed success with a series of science fiction novels published under his name, though most are widely believed to have been written by uncredited co-writers such as William T. Quick and Ron Goulart. The first, published in 1990, was ''TekWar''. This popular series of books led to a Marvel Comics series, to a number of television movies, in which Shatner played a role, and to a short-lived television series in which Shatner made several appearances; he also directed some episodes. In 1995, a first-person shooter game named ''William Shatner's TekWar'' was released, and was the first game to use the Build engine. He also played as a narrator in 1995 American documentary film ''Trinity and Beyond: The Atomic Bomb Movie'' directed by Peter Kuran.

In the television series ''3rd Rock from the Sun'', Shatner appeared in several episodes as the "Big Giant Head", a womanizing party-animal and high-ranking officer from the same alien planet as the Solomon family. The role earned Shatner a nomination for an Emmy.

In 2001, Shatner starred in the animated film ''Osmosis Jones'' as the character Mayor Phlegmming, the self-centered head of the "City of Frank", a community comprising all the cells and microorganisms of a man's body. In the movie, the pompous Phlegmming is constantly preoccupied with his reelection and his own convenience, even to the detriment of his "city" and constituents.

In 2003, Shatner appeared in Brad Paisley's "Celebrity" and "Online" music videos along with Little Jimmy Dickens, Jason Alexander, and Trista Rehn.

''Star Trek: Enterprise'' producer Manny Coto stated in ''Star Trek Communicator'''s October 2004 issue that he was preparing a three-episode story arc for Shatner. Shortly thereafter, ''Enterprise'' was cancelled.

After David E. Kelley saw Shatner's commercials, he joined the final season of the legal drama ''The Practice''. His Emmy-award winning role, the eccentric but highly capable attorney Denny Crane, was essentially "William Shatner the man...playing William Shatner the character playing the character Denny Crane, who was playing the character William Shatner." Shatner took the Crane role to ''Boston Legal'', and won a Golden Globe, an Emmy in 2005, and was nominated again in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 for his work. With the 2005 Emmy win, Shatner became one of the few actors (along with co-star James Spader as Alan Shore) to win an Emmy award while playing the same character in two different series. Even rarer, Shatner and Spader each won a second consecutive Emmy while playing the same character in two different series. Shatner remained with the series until its end in 2008.

Shatner made several guest appearances on ''The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien'', including cameos reciting Sarah Palin's resignation speech, Twitter posts, and autobiography. He has also recited Twitter posts by Levi Johnston, father of Palin's grandson. He also appears in the opening graphics of the occasional feature "In The Year 3000," with his disembodied head floating through space, announcing, "And so we take a cosmic ride into that new millennium; that far off reality that is the year 3000," followed by the tag line, "It's the future, man."

Shatner also played the voice of Ozzie the opossum in DreamWorks' 2006 feature ''Over the Hedge''.

In January 2007, Shatner launched a series of daily vlogs on his life called ShatnerVision on the LiveUniverse.com website. In 2008, he launched his video blogs on YouTube in a project renamed "The Shatner Project". Shatner also starred as the voice of Don Salmonella Gavone on the 2009 YouTube animated series ''The Gavones''.

Shatner was not "offered or suggested" a role in the 2009 film ''Star Trek''. Director J.J. Abrams said in July 2007 that the production was "desperately trying to figure out a way to put him in" but that to "shove him in...would be a disaster." an opinion echoed by Shatner in several interviews. At a convention held in 2010, Shatner commented on the film by saying "I've seen that wonderful film." Shatner had invented his own idea about the beginning of ''Star Trek'' with his latest novel, ''Star Trek: Academy — Collision Course.''

Shatner's autobiography ''Up Till Now'' was released in 2008. He was assisted in writing it by David Fisher. Shatner has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame (for Television work) at 6901 Hollywood Boulevard. He also has a star on the Canadian Walk of Fame. Shatner was the first Canadian actor to star in three successful TV series on three different major networks (NBC, CBS, and ABC).

Shatner starred in the CBS sitcom ''$#*! My Dad Says'', which is based on the Twitter feed Shit My Dad Says created by Justin Halpern. The series premiered in late 2010 and was canceled May 2011. Shatner is also the host of the interview show ''Shatner's Raw Nerve'' on The Biography Channel, and the Discovery Channel television series ''Weird or What?''

In 2011 Shatner starred in ''The Captains'', a feature length documentary which he also wrote and directed. The film follows Shatner as he interviews the other actors who have portrayed starship captains within the Star Trek franchise. Shatner's interviewees included Patrick Stewart, Avery Brooks, Kate Mulgrew, Scott Bakula, and Chris Pine. In the film Shatner also interviews Christopher Plummer, who is an old friend and colleague from Shatner's days with the Stratford Shakespeare Festival in Stratford, Ontario.

Music and spoken-word work

Shatner began his musical career with the spoken-word 1968 album ''The Transformed Man'', delivering exaggerated, interpretive recitations of "Mr. Tambourine Man" and "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds". He performed a reading of the Elton John song "Rocket Man" during the 1978 Science Fiction Film Awards that has been widely parodied. Ben Folds, who has worked with him several times, produced and co-wrote Shatner's well-received second studio album, ''Has Been'', in 2004. His third studio album, ''Searching for Major Tom'', is currently set for a 2011 release. Not everyone is fond of his musical abilities: George Clooney included a "song" by Shatner in his BBC "Desert Island Discs" contribution as an example of things you can't possibly listen to.

Space Shuttle Discovery

Shatner recorded a wake-up call played for the crew of STS-133 in the Space Shuttle ''Discovery'' on 7 March 2011, its final day docked to the International Space Station. Backed by the musical theme from ''Star Trek'', it featured a voice-over based on his spoken introduction from the series' opening credits: "Space, the final frontier. These have been the voyages of the Space Shuttle Discovery. Her 30 year mission: To seek out new science. To build new outposts. To bring nations together on the final frontier. To boldly go, and do, what no spacecraft has done before."

Personal life

Shatner dislikes watching himself perform, and claims that he has "never watched Star Trek ... not even any of the Star Trek movies"—except the dailies from ''Star Trek V: The Final Frontier'', which he directed—or ''Boston Legal''.

Family

Shatner has been married four times. His first marriage was to Gloria Rand, from 1956 to 1969. His second marriage lasted 21 years and was to Marcy Lafferty; the couple was married in 1973 and divorced in 1994. His third marriage was to Nerine Kidd-Shatner, from 1997 until her death in 1999.

On August 9, 1999, Shatner returned home around 10 p.m. to discover Nerine's body at the bottom of their back yard swimming pool. She was 40 years old. An autopsy detected alcohol and Valium in her blood, but the coroner ruled the cause of her death as an accidental drowning. The LAPD ruled out foul play and the case was closed. Speaking to the press shortly after his wife's death, a clearly shaken and emotional Shatner said that she "meant everything" to him and called her his "beautiful soulmate." Shatner urged the public to support Friendly House, a non-profit organization that helps women re-establish themselves in the community after suffering from alcoholism and drug addiction. He later told Larry King in an interview that "...my wife, whom I loved dearly and who loved me, was suffering with a disease that we don’t like to talk about, alcoholism. And she met a tragic ending because of it." In his new 2008 book ''Up Till Now: The Autobiography'', Shatner discusses how Leonard Nimoy helped take Nerine for treatment of her alcoholism. Shatner writes in an excerpt from his book:

In 2000, a Reuters story reported that Shatner was planning to write and direct ''The Shiva Club'', a dark comedy about the grieving process inspired by his wife's death. Shatner's 2004 album ''Has Been'' included a spoken word piece titled "What Have You Done" that describes his anguish upon discovering his wife's body in the pool.

Since 2001 Shatner is married to Elizabeth Martin.

Relationships with other actors

Shatner first appeared on screen with Leonard Nimoy in 1964, when both actors guest-starred in an episode of ''The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'', entitled: "The Project Strigas Affair". However, Shatner states in his autobiography that he does not recall meeting Nimoy at that time. As co-stars on ''Star Trek'', they interacted socially both on and off the set. After ''Star Trek'''s cancellation in 1969, Shatner and Nimoy reunited in the production of ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'', as well as ''The $20,000 Pyramid'', where "Kirk vs. Spock" appeared on two different tables. Nimoy also guest-starred on ''T. J. Hooker'' for a few episodes. Shatner starred in the title role of the show.

The 1999 death of Shatner's third wife, Nerine, served to strengthen the friendship of Shatner and Nimoy, as Nimoy had mourned over the loss of his best friend's wife. Nimoy also appeared alongside Shatner at the TV Land Awards (hosted by John Ritter) and was one of the many people to serve as a celebrity "roaster" of Shatner. Nimoy summarized his four decade friendship with Shatner by remarking, "Bill's energy was good for my performance, 'cause Spock could be the cool individual, our chemistry was successful, right from the start." Nimoy has also spoken about mutual rivalry between the actors during the ''Star Trek'' years: "Very competitive, sibling rivalry up to here. After the show had been on the air a few weeks and they started getting so much mail for Spock, then the dictum came down from NBC: 'Give us more of that guy, they love that guy, you know?' Well, that can be ... that can be a problem for the leading man who was hired as the star of the show; and suddenly, here's this guy with ears -- 'What's this, you know?'" said Nimoy. On an episode of the A&E Network series ''Biography'', Nimoy remarked, "Bill Shatner hogging the stage? No. Not the Bill Shatner I know."

Shatner has been friends with Heather Locklear since 1982, when Locklear began co-starring with him on ''T. J. Hooker'' as Officer Stacy Sheridan. Locklear was asked by ''Entertainment Tonight'' whether it was hard to work on two weekly TV shows at the same time. (During the four years Locklear was in ''Hooker'', she was also appearing in a semi-regular role in a fellow Aaron Spelling production, ''Dynasty''). She replied "...I'd get really nervous and want to be prepared..." for Shatner and for the experienced cast of ''Dynasty''. After ''Hooker'' ended Shatner helped Locklear get other roles. Locklear supported a grieving Shatner in 1999 when he was mourning the death of his wife, Nerine. In 2005, Locklear appeared in two episodes of Shatner's ''Boston Legal'' as Kelly Nolan, an attractive, youthful woman being tried for killing her much older, wealthy husband. Shatner plays Denny Crane, a founding partner of a large law firm, and a legendary litigator. Crane is attracted to Nolan and tries to insert himself into her defense. He is about the same age as Nolan's deceased husband, so Crane courts death by pursuing her. Locklear was asked how she came to appear on ''Boston Legal''. She explained "I love the show, it's my favorite show; and I sorta kind of said, 'Shouldn't I be William Shatner's illegitimate daughter, or his love interest?'"

For years, Shatner was accused of being difficult to work with by some of his ''Star Trek'' co-stars, most notably James Doohan and George Takei. In the 2004 ''Star Trek'' DVD sets, Shatner seemed to have made up with Takei, but their differences continue to resurface. In the 1990s, Shatner made numerous attempts to patch things up with Doohan, but was unsuccessful for some time; however, an Associated Press article published at the time of Doohan's final convention appearance in late August 2004 stated that Doohan had forgiven his fellow Canadian Shatner and they had mended their relationship. Takei continues to speak negatively about Shatner. In a 2008 television interview, he stated "he has a big, shiny, demanding ego." Shatner, in turn, recorded videos for YouTube, saying that Takei had some sort of "psychosis".

Takei has repeatedly asserted (most recently on the December 26, 2009, episode of the NPR radio program ''Wait, Wait, Don't Tell Me'') that he invited Shatner (along with other Star Trek cast members) to his 2008 wedding to Brad Altman, but Shatner never responded to the invitation. Shatner has repeatedly counter-asserted (most recently in the January 2010 issue of ''GQ'') that he never received an invitation.

When Shatner interviewed his ''Star Trek'' costars for his memoir ''Star Trek Movie Memories,'' Nichelle Nichols (who played Uhura on the show) told him, "Now let me tell you why I hate you," explaining that, despite the few lines she had in the show, he would sometimes argue with the director that an Uhura dialog line was unnecessary. She then "gave Shatner an earful about how she and the rest of the other four felt, which prompted Shatner to wake up and set about making things right with his former costars." He and Nichols patched up their differences sufficiently that she appeared on his 20 August 2006 roast, telling the Comedy Central audience, "Bill Shatner would crap on the last piece of pizza just so no one else could enjoy it."

Health problems

Shatner suffers from tinnitus and is involved in the American Tinnitus Association. His treatment for this condition involved wearing a small electronic device that generated a low-level, broadband sound (white noise) that "helped his brain put the tinnitus in the background".

On October 19, 2005, while working on the set of ''Boston Legal'', Shatner was taken to the emergency room for lower back pain. He eventually passed a kidney stone, recovered and soon returned to work. In 2006, Shatner sold his kidney stone for US$75,000 to GoldenPalace.com. In an appearance on ''The View'' on May 16, 2006, Shatner said the $75,000 and an additional $20,000 raised from the cast and crew of ''Boston Legal'' paid for the building of a house by Habitat for Humanity.

Charity work

In his spare time, Shatner enjoys breeding and showing American Saddlebreds and Quarter Horses. Shatner has a 150 hectare (360 acre) farm near Versailles, Kentucky, named Belle Reve (Canadian French for “Beautiful Dream”), where he raises American Saddlebreds. His champion American Saddlebreds include Call Me Ringo, Revival, and Sultan's Great Day.

Shatner also plays on the World Poker Tour in the Hollywood Home games. He plays for the Wells Fargo Hollywood Charity Horse Show.

Nominations and awards

In 2004, Shatner won his first Emmy Award for his role as “Denny Crane” on ''The Practice''. In 2005, he won his first Golden Globe award and a second Emmy Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Drama Series for his work on ''Boston Legal''. In 2009, Shatner won a Streamy Award in the category of Best Reality Web Series.

In May 2011, he was awarded the Governor General of Canada’s Performing Arts Award for Lifetime Artistic Achievement, recording a humorous short film ''William Shatner Sings O Canada '' for the occasion. On June 2, 2011, Shatner received an honourary Doctor of Letters from McGill University, his alma mater.

Works

References

Further reading

William Shatner Animation Contest on Toonboom with My Outer Space (finals voting from Dec10 to Dec 22, 2010)

William Shatner talks about 'Star Trek: The Tour' in Long Beach.

William Shatner at the LA Art Show*William Shatner has made around 40 short interview films on Videojug "Ask the Expert – William Shatner"*Shatner at Amazon Reviews

William Shatner Interview at Slashdot

Shatner at Fame Tracker

''The Times'' (London), January 26, 2008. "Man of Enterprise. As a new series of Boston Legal begins, our critic salutes the many facets of its veteran star William Shatner" by Sophie Davies

Shatner turns down real offer to go into space "I do want to go up but I need guarantees I'll definitely come back.", accessed 2010-07-21

William Shatner Issues Urgent Plea in Animals’ Behalf

William Shatner for animal rights

External links

William Shatner's Official Website

William Shatner interview at Archive of American Television January 22, 2009 and September 15, 1999

William Shatner In Conversation (video) with ''The Big Bang Theory'' creator and show runner Bill Prady at 2010 Banff World TV Festival

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Coordinates	29°25′″N98°30′″N
name	James Doohan
birth name	James Montgomery Doohan
birth date	March 03, 1920
birth place	Vancouver, British Columbia
death date	July 20, 2005
death place	Redmond, Washington, U.S.
occupation	Actor
years active	1952–2005
spouse	Janet Young (1949–1964)Anita Yagel (1967–1972)Wende Braunberger (1974–2005) }}

James Montgomery "Jimmy" Doohan ( ; March 3, 1920 – July 20, 2005) was a Canadian character and voice actor best known for his role as Montgomery "Scotty" Scott in the television and film series ''Star Trek''. Doohan's characterization of the Scottish Chief Engineer of the Starship ''Enterprise'' was one of the most recognizable elements in the ''Star Trek'' franchise, for which he also made several contributions behind the scenes. Many of the characterizations, mannerisms, and expressions that he established for Scotty and other ''Star Trek'' characters have become entrenched in popular culture.

Following his success with ''Star Trek'', he supplemented his income and showed continued support for his fans by making numerous public appearances. Doohan often went to great lengths to buoy the large number of fans who have been inspired to make their own accomplishments in engineering and other fields, as a result of Doohan's work and his encouragement.

Early life

Doohan was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, the youngest of four children of William and Sarah Doohan, who emigrated from Bangor, County Down, Northern Ireland. His father was a pharmacist, veterinarian, and dentist; his mother was a homemaker. Doohan's father reportedly invented an early form of high-octane gasoline in 1923. In Doohan's 1996 autobiography, he tells of his father's alcoholism and how he tormented his family. The family moved to Sarnia, Ontario, and Doohan attended high school at the Sarnia Collegiate Institute and Technical School (SCITS), where he excelled in mathematics and science. Doohan also enrolled in the 102nd Royal Canadian Army Cadet Corps.

Military service

At the beginning of the Second World War, Doohan joined the Royal Canadian Artillery. He was commissioned a lieutenant in the 13th Field Artillery Regiment of the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division. Doohan went to England in 1940 for training. His first combat was the invasion of Normandy at Juno Beach on D-Day. Shooting two snipers, Doohan led his men to higher ground through a field of anti-tank mines, where they took defensive positions for the night. Crossing between command posts at 11:30 that night, Doohan was hit by six rounds fired from a Bren gun by a nervous Canadian sentry: four in his leg, one in the chest, and one through his right middle finger. The bullet to his chest was stopped by a silver cigarette case. His right middle finger had to be amputated, something he would conceal during his career as an actor.

Doohan trained as a pilot (graduating from Air Observation Pilot Course 40 with 11 other Canadian artillery officers), and flew Taylorcraft Auster Mark V aircraft for 666 (AOP) Squadron, RCAF, as a Royal Canadian Artillery officer in support of 1st Army Group Royal Canadian Artillery. All three Canadian (AOP) RCAF Squadrons were manned by Artillery Officer-pilots and accompanied by non-commissioned RCA and RCAF personnel serving as observers.

Though he was never actually a member of the Royal Canadian Air Force, he was once labelled the "craziest pilot in the Canadian Air Force." A story from his flying years tells of Doohan slaloming a plane – variously cited as a Hurricane or a jet trainer – between mountainside telegraph poles to prove it could be done, which earned him a serious reprimand. (The actual feat was performed in a Mark IV Auster on the Salisbury Plain north of RAF Andover in the late spring of 1945).

Early acting career

After the war, Doohan started his acting career. Disheartened by the quality of a radio drama, he privately studied Shakespeare. His work began with a CBC radio show appearance on January 12, 1946. He took a drama class in Toronto, and later won a two-year scholarship to the Neighbourhood Playhouse in New York City, where his classmates included Leslie Nielsen, Tony Randall and Richard Boone. For several years Doohan would shuttle between Toronto and New York as work demanded. During this period he appeared on some 4,000 radio programs and 400 television programs, and earned a reputation for his versatility. In the mid-1950s he appeared as forest ranger ''Timber Tom'' (the northern counterpart of Buffalo Bob) in the Canadian version of ''Howdy Doody''. Coincidentally, fellow ''Star Trek'' cast member William Shatner appeared simultaneously as Ranger Bill in the American version. Doohan and Shatner also appeared on the 1950s Canadian science fiction series ''Space Command''.

Doohan played the lead role in the CBC TV drama production ''Flight into Danger'', based on Arthur Hailey's novel ''Runway Zero-Eight'', later adapted as ''Terror in the Sky''. His credits also included ''The Twilight Zone'', ''The Outer Limits'', ''Bewitched'', ''Fantasy Island'', ''The Man from U.N.C.L.E.'' (1964) and ''Bonanza''. In the ''Bonanza'' episode, "Gift of Water" (1962), he co-starred with actress Majel Barrett, who would later be cast in the role of ''Star Trek's'' Nurse Chapel. He appeared as an assistant to the United States president in two episodes of ''Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea''.

''Star Trek''

Doohan developed a talent for accents as a child. Auditioning for the role of Montgomery Scott, Chief Engineer of the USS ''Enterprise'', before Gene Roddenberry (the creator of ''Star Trek''), Doohan did several different accents. Roddenberry asked which he preferred, and Doohan replied "Well, if you want an engineer, he better be a Scotsman because, in my experience, all the world's best engineers have been Scottish".

In later years Doohan would revisit this casting process at Star Trek conventions, demonstrating a variety of possible voices and characters. When Roddenberry produced ''Star Trek: The Animated Series'' in the early 1970s, Doohan's ability to perform different voices was used by having him perform most "guest star" male roles in the series, including Robert April, conjectured first captain of the ''Enterprise''. Doohan also performed the three-armed, three-legged navigator Arex and often performed up to four different and distinctive voices in each episode.

The Scott character, as conceived, would have been a semi-regular, but with fellow cast members Leonard Nimoy (Spock) and DeForest Kelley (Dr. McCoy), was elevated in importance to leads alongside William Shatner's Captain James T. Kirk. It was made clear that, owing to his high technological orientation, Lt. Cmdr. Scott was the third-in-command of the ''Enterprise,'' and at times the ship was left in his care. Scott was frequently used in subplots regarding disabled ship components (such as the dilithium crystals which regulated the warp drive, the transporter teleportation device, or just fiddling in the Jefferies tubes) and as a foil for Kirk's ambitious tactical approaches, which were said to strain the propulsion and/or defenses of the starship ("I can't push it any faster, Captain!"). In this capacity, Scott proved to be as much of a tinkerer, or improvisational engineer, as a high-tech specialist, often apparently holding the ''Enterprise'' together with little more than baling wire and his own spittle. In the end, many fans saw the ''Enterprise'' itself as the show's star, leaving Scott in an enviable position as her defender. For example, in "The Trouble With Tribbles", Scott stands idly by and even keeps Chekov from starting any trouble as a Klingon insults Kirk; however, Scott is finally provoked into violence when the Klingon insults the ''Enterprise'' herself.

Doohan was often quoted as saying, "Scotty is ninety-nine percent James Doohan and one percent accent."

Using his considerable vocal skills, Doohan devised the Vulcan and Klingon language dialogue heard in ''Star Trek: The Motion Picture''. Later, professional linguists, particularly Marc Okrand, expanded Klingon into a fully constructed language with a working grammar.

In addition to playing Scotty, he also did many guest voices on ''Star Trek'' including:

Sargon in "Return to Tomorrow"

The M-5 in "The Ultimate Computer"

The Mission Control Voice in "Assignment: Earth"

The Oracle in "For the World Is Hollow and I Have Touched the Sky"

After ''Star Trek''

Doohan hoped that ''Star Trek'' would benefit his acting career. After the series ended, however, he found himself typecast and had a hard time getting other roles. After a conversation with his dentist, he realized that he would "always be Scotty," and he was able to support himself with income from personal appearances. Unlike some other members of the cast, Doohan relished meeting fans and was always ready to entertain with a storyor a song.

Otherwise, he had minor, fleeting parts, often trading on his ''Trek'' fame, such as the Captain in the short-lived Saturday morning live-action kids' show, ''Jason of Star Command'', or a cameo in the made-for-TV movie ''Knight Rider 2000'' as "Jimmy Doohan, the guy who played Scotty on ''Star Trek''". He also had a role in the space comedy ''Homeboys in Outer Space'', in which he played a character named Pippen: a pun on Scotty and basketball star Scottie Pippen. He appeared as himself in an episode of ''The Ben Stiller Show''. He also played Damon Warwick, father of James Warwick, on the daytime soap opera, ''The Bold and the Beautiful''.

When the ''Star Trek'' franchise was revived, Doohan reprised his role of Scotty in seven ''Star Trek'' films and made a guest appearance on ''Star Trek: The Next Generation's'' 130th episode "Relics", all of which left him financially comfortable.

Even so, he would never return to the busy, versatile career he once had. Many of Doohan's film appearances did centre on the role of Scotty, such as a cameo in ''National Lampoon's Loaded Weapon 1'', where he plays a policeman who tells his superior officer "I am giving it all she has got, Captain!" in the same accent he used in ''Star Trek''. However, he refused to contribute to the ''Futurama'' episode "Where No Fan Has Gone Before" or allow his image to be used in it, and was "replaced" in the episode by the created character "Welshie" who was ultimately given the redshirt treatment.

Although he continued to work with William Shatner in the ''Star Trek'' movies, in private life Doohan didn't care for him, and was once quoted as saying "I like Captain Kirk, but I can't say that I'm very fond of Bill," declining to be interviewed by Shatner for Shatner's first ''Star Trek: Memories'' book about the show. However, Doohan consented to be interviewed for William Shatner's second book, ''Star Trek: Movie Memories'', and an Associated Press article published at the time of Doohan's final convention appearance in late August 2004 stated that Doohan had forgiven Shatner and they had mended their relationship.

Later life and death

Many fans told Doohan over the years that it was he who inspired them to choose engineering as a profession. Astronaut Neil Armstrong, an engineer before he participated in NASA's Apollo program, personally told Doohan on stage at Doohan's last public appearance, "From one old engineer to another, thanks, mate."

In the 1997 documentary ''Trekkies'', Doohan relates an emotional, uplifting story. A female fan had sent him a suicide note. Doohan immediately contacted the fan and arranged to speak with her at his next convention appearance. Doohan continued to see her at several other conventions, but ultimately didn't hear from her for several years. Doohan, visibly moved by relating this tale, then reveals the reason for the eight-year-long silence: He received one final letter from the previously distraught fan, thanking Doohan for his kindness and comforting words, and informing him that because of his encouragement, she had successfully gone back to school and earned a degree in Electrical Engineering.

Doohan suffered from Parkinson's disease, diabetes mellitus, and pulmonary fibrosis in later life. In 2004, he was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease.

On July 20, 2005, at 5:30 in the morning, Doohan died at his home in Redmond, Washington, with his wife Wende and long-time friend and agent, Steve Stevens, at his side. His agent identified the cause as pneumonia and Alzheimer's disease. Coincidentally, Doohan died on the anniversary of the ''Apollo 11'' lunar landing, arguably the greatest engineering achievement in human history.

Almost two years after his death, approximately one-quarter ounce (7 grams) of Doohan's ashes were sent into space, as he had requested in his will. The ashes, along with those of Mercury astronaut Gordon Cooper as well as almost two hundred others, were launched on the SpaceLoft XL rocket, on April 28, 2007, when the rocket briefly entered outer space in a four-minute suborbital flight before parachuting to earth, as planned, with the ashes still inside. The ashes were subsequently launched on a Falcon 1 rocket, on August 3, 2008, into what was intended to be a low Earth orbit, however the rocket failed two minutes after launch. The rest of his ashes were scattered over Puget Sound in Washington.

On July 31, 2005, the Skip Barber Racing School paid tribute to Doohan by dedicating the traditional race weekend's "Memorial" race as the "Beam Me Up, Scottie! Memorial" during the series' visit to Circuit Mont-Tremblant.

Legacy

Scotty's exploits as the redoubtable Chief Engineer aboard the ''Enterprise'' inspired many students to pursue a career in engineering. Because of this, the Milwaukee School of Engineering granted Doohan an honorary degree in engineering. He was immortalized with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on August 31, 2004. Despite his ill health, he was present at the ceremony, which proved to be his final public appearance.

The character Scotty is said to have been born in Linlithgow, Scotland. In 2007, the West Lothian Council placed a commemorative plaque there in memory of Doohan. Other towns having groups claiming to be Scotty's birthplace and wishing memorials are Aberdeen, Elgin, and Edinburgh.

Personal life

Doohan was married three times. He had four childrenLarkin, Deirdre, and twins Christopher and Montgomerywith first wife Janet Young before a 1964 divorce. His marriage to Anita Yagel from 1967 to 1972 produced no children. In early 1974, he was introduced to 17-year-old fan Wende Braunberger at a theatre performance, later marrying that same year on October 12, 1974, with ''Star Trek'' actor William Campbell serving as best man. Doohan and Braunberger had three children: Eric, Thomas, and Sarah. Sarah was born in 2000, when Doohan was 80 years old.

His son Christopher appeared in ''Star Trek: The Motion Picture'' in 1979 and in the J. J. Abrams "reboot", ''Star Trek'' (with Simon Pegg taking over the role as Montgomery Scott), which premiered on May 7, 2009.

Bibliography

Autobiography

Science fiction novels (''The Flight Engineer'' series):

Doohan's family emigrated to Liverpool in the early 1800s. He visited the City on numerous occasions and was a massive advocate of the city. His second daughter was born in Liverpool.

References

External links

Doohan in Slashdot thread

Washington Post obituary "The Actor, Boldly Going With the Flow"

Category:Canadian expatriate actors in the United States Category:Canadian television actors Category:Canadian voice actors Category:Canadian film actors Category:Canadian memoirists Category:Canadian military personnel of World War II Category:Canadian science fiction writers Category:Operation Overlord people Category:People from Redmond, Washington Category:People from Sarnia, Ontario Category:People from Vancouver Category:Canadian people of Irish descent Category:Canadian Roman Catholics Category:1920 births Category:2005 deaths Category:Deaths from pneumonia Category:Deaths from Alzheimer's disease Category:People with Parkinson's disease Category:Space burials

af:James Doohan cs:James Doohan de:James Doohan es:James Doohan fr:James Doohan id:James Doohan it:James Doohan nl:James Doohan ja:ジェームズ・ドゥーアン no:James Doohan pl:James Doohan pt:James Doohan ru:Духан, Джеймс simple:James Doohan fi:James Doohan sv:James Doohan zh:詹姆斯·督漢